Dr. K.C. Lalmalsawmzauva
Email: mzu154@mzu.edu.in
Email: mzu154@mzu.edu.in
Easternisation sawifiahna tha ber chu westernisation opposite chiah a ni’ ti ila tam tak tan chuan a fiah tawk viau awm e. Khawvel pum deuh thaw hian khawthlang ram (a bikin Europe leh US) te chu kan ngaihsan em em an ni a. An nunphung leh khawsak dan, an inchei dan leh ei leh in mai bakah, an tawng nen lam kan ngaisanga kan zir huai huai a nih hi. Sap an kan chak em em a, an tihdan a nih tawh phawt chuan standard ber sawi nan kan hmang zel a, Sap tawng thiam tak nih phei chu intih theihna tham a tling. Chutiang chuan kum zabi tam tak chu kan lo kal tawh a, khawvel hian khawthlang lam a hawi thup a ni ber mai. Westernisation innghahna institution lian pui pahnih chu democracy leh liberalization hi a ni.
Mahse, hun a danglama, mihring kan inthlak zela, khawthlang ram ten an awp thin colonies ho te pawh thing delh loh lung delh loh chu an lo thang ve zela, kum zabi 21- na a lo inher chhuah meuh chuan kan khawhawi a dang lam ta hle mai. Post-modern world view nen mahni ram leh hnamah harhtharna a thleng ve zela, chu chuan khawthlang lam ringawt en loa, mahni ram mila hmasawnna kalpui leh mahni hnam nun chawikan tumna a nasa tial tial a. Ram tam takin an khawhawi thlakin, khawchhak (Asia) lam an hawi tan a. Khawchhak ram hrang hrang te chu hmasawnna leh changkanna kan tih te, ei leh bar leh economy lamah pawh chak taka thang zelin Easternisation hi atakin a thleng chho mek a ni. Sap kan ngaihsan thin te chuan min ngaisang let tan a, kan nunphung leh culture hriat chakna lian tak an nei chho zel a. Hei hi a chhan bul ber chu-khawthlang ramte tlu chhe mek leh khawchhak ramte thang mek boruak vang a ni.
Sap ho kan ngaihsan nachhan ber thin chu-an rilru a zaua, mi hrithiamna an ngah bawk a, khawiah pawh an leng halh vek mai a ni. Heng an mizia leh hawiher siam tu ber chu ei leh bar (economy) –ah an intodelh vang a ni. Chu chuan technology lama hmasawn thei turin nasa takin a pui si a.
Ngaituahna hmasa-ah chuan tun hnai international politics inlum let dan thlirin globalization hi a let zawngin a kal (retreat) niin ka hmu a. A thupuiah Retreating Globalization’ tiin ka dah zet a, mahse, ka zir chian deuh hnu chuan Easternisation tih lehkhabu Gideon Rachman, Financial Times Chief Foreign Columnist leh kum 2016-a Orwell Prize for journalism te’n Commentator of the Year a an thlan, zero Sum World lehkhabu lar tak ziaktu ni bawk ziah hi ka hmu fuha, ka bih chian hnu chuan kan thlir dan leh sawi tum a in ang tih ka hmu thuaia, chuvangin inthlarung lo takin ama lehkhabu hming ‘Easternisation’ tih hian a fun kim-tawi fel zawka hriain thupuiah pawh ka hmang ta a ni. Easternisation a thleng mek, globalization hi a kir (retreat) mek a ni tih ngaih dan min neih tir tu thenkhat te chu-
=>Britxit kan tih mai, kumpinu lal ram, European Union atanga inhnuk dawk mek leh a behbawma Middle-East Rufugee an mikhual theih loh dan te, Spain ram bungkhat Catalonian ten an ram mipui bial dang a mite ngei huphurh a independent hial an sual te hian Europe ram ecomomy tla chhe mek din hmun chiang takin a pholang a.
=>America ram ropui ber mai, khawvel ram hnufual zawk te mangan laia tanpuitu leh chak lo zawk te thlavang hauh thin tu, chumi avanga khawvelin kan ngaihsan rawn ngei mai President thar han en hian thil a danglam a ni’ tih chu kan hmu thiam mai awm e. Politician ni lo businessman, mi buluk leh rothap tak mai Donald Trump thlan a ni hian America mipui tam ber rilru a sawifiah khawpin a lang. A campaign auhla lang sar ber mai pakhat ‘America First’ tih hian an ram economy dinhmun a sawi tel tlat a. President Obama a hun lai thleng khan NATO ram member 28 te mamawh 75% vel lai kha US in a tum sak thina, mahse Trump a hunah chuan beisei tur a awm tawh dawn lo. Americain a hlawkpui ve loh tur atana tanpuina tam tak tak a pek thin pawh nasa taka tihtlem a ni ta. Chu chuan ‘liberal policy’ atangin ‘Protectionist policy’ ah a hruai luta; chumi awmzia chu an ram economy din hmun-ah an thla a muang zan tawh lo a, confidence an hlauh tan tawh tihna a ni. Sumdawnna lamah pawh ramdang thil siam an lak luh atangin chhiah (tax) nasa takin a tipunga, chu chuan khawvel ram hrang hrang leh, a bikin Easternisation hma hruaitu China nen trade-war a chawk chhuak hial a nih hi. Heng zawng zawng hi America economy dinhmun derthawn tawh zia entirtu vek a ni.
=>A leh lamah China kan en chuan, an President Xi Jingping-a chuan ram hmasawnna turin tum ruhna nen kawng hrang hrangin hma a la mek a, chung zinga pawimawh tak pakhat chu corruption umbo a tum hi a ni. Khawvel ram thang chak ber ni turin -China ram ropui siam thar lehna ‘the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation’ tih chu a auhla ber a ni. President Deng Xiaoping hnu-a China hmasawnna tura hma la nasa ber kan ti thei awm e. Tun hnai maiah an ram constitution siam thain President term hnih (kum 10) chauh nih theih dan pawh tidanglamin a theih chen chen a president tawh mai dawn a ni. An economy a thang tih lanna langsar tak pakhat chu, South China Sea vela a chet dan hi a ni. A thenawm ram tenau zawk heng-Phillipines, Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia leh Taiwan te nena an tuipui intawm (international water)-ah ngei mai artificial Island siamin US mitmei pawh veng loin a khawsa a. Hei hian US a hmuh dan leh a rualpui chei zia a tilang chiang em em a ni.
Globalization hi a retreat, Easternisation hi a thleng mek a ni’ tih finfiah tu dang leh chu India ram Prime Minister Pu Modi a hi a ni. Gujarat Chief Minister a nih laia US leh Europe ram thenkhat ten visa an pek duh loh; a hnu lawka khawvel democracy lian ber ram Prime Minister lo ni ta leh ram hrang hrang tena an sawm luai-luai nita hi a mak tih loh rual a ni lo. Easternisation lanchhuahna hmanraw pakhat a nih zia tilang tu chu-Make in India leh Digital India hi a ni. Hei hian India ram, Pu Nehru-a ideology hnuaiah kum rei tak, ram dang te thilsiam chhuah leh tanpuina a innghat ringawt mai tih tawp tumna leh mahni kut leh ke ngei a din tumna a entir a ni. Muslim leh Christian ten kan han hmu mawh deuh thin nain, ram pawn atanga tanpuina dawn tihtawp hi sakhaw thil lam aimahin midang puihna tel loa dinchhuah tumna a kawk zawkin a lang.
Tin, globalization a retreat a ni tih lanna dang leh chu Phillipines President Rodrigo Duterte a khawsa zia hi a ni. Phillipines hi Mizo te ang mai a Sap ho ngaisang leh bawh huam huam chi ve tho, an tih dan chu ‘standard’ ber emaw ti ve zel mai an ni. Mahse, President Duterte a hi Modi a leh Trump a te ang tho a mi nasa (extreme personality nei), tum ruh leh mahni ram dah san tum tlat mi a ni. Nikum November, 2017 a ASEAN summit-ah khan chanchinbu miten European Union atanga tanpuina an dawn dawn leh dawn loh chungchang an zawh tumin ‘Theihnghilh ru. Buh leh sangha khawro nen chauh pawh kan dam khawchhuak thei (Forget it. We will survive, even if we have to eat dried fish and rice) tiin a chhang nghe nghe a ni. Duterte-a chhanna hian thil tam tak a sawi a, Sap ho ngaihsanna leh chung enna boruak pawh a tlahniam nasa tih a tarlang.
Uluk zawka kan zir chuan khawthlang ramte hi economy-ah antlu chhe meka, chutih laiin Asian ram a kang mek a ni tih kan hmu thei. Khawthlang ram ten khawvela an dinhmun pawimawh tak (dominant power) an hlohna chhan lian deuh deuh pahnih a awm a, chungte chu:-
Mahse, hun a danglama, mihring kan inthlak zela, khawthlang ram ten an awp thin colonies ho te pawh thing delh loh lung delh loh chu an lo thang ve zela, kum zabi 21- na a lo inher chhuah meuh chuan kan khawhawi a dang lam ta hle mai. Post-modern world view nen mahni ram leh hnamah harhtharna a thleng ve zela, chu chuan khawthlang lam ringawt en loa, mahni ram mila hmasawnna kalpui leh mahni hnam nun chawikan tumna a nasa tial tial a. Ram tam takin an khawhawi thlakin, khawchhak (Asia) lam an hawi tan a. Khawchhak ram hrang hrang te chu hmasawnna leh changkanna kan tih te, ei leh bar leh economy lamah pawh chak taka thang zelin Easternisation hi atakin a thleng chho mek a ni. Sap kan ngaihsan thin te chuan min ngaisang let tan a, kan nunphung leh culture hriat chakna lian tak an nei chho zel a. Hei hi a chhan bul ber chu-khawthlang ramte tlu chhe mek leh khawchhak ramte thang mek boruak vang a ni.
Sap ho kan ngaihsan nachhan ber thin chu-an rilru a zaua, mi hrithiamna an ngah bawk a, khawiah pawh an leng halh vek mai a ni. Heng an mizia leh hawiher siam tu ber chu ei leh bar (economy) –ah an intodelh vang a ni. Chu chuan technology lama hmasawn thei turin nasa takin a pui si a.
Ngaituahna hmasa-ah chuan tun hnai international politics inlum let dan thlirin globalization hi a let zawngin a kal (retreat) niin ka hmu a. A thupuiah Retreating Globalization’ tiin ka dah zet a, mahse, ka zir chian deuh hnu chuan Easternisation tih lehkhabu Gideon Rachman, Financial Times Chief Foreign Columnist leh kum 2016-a Orwell Prize for journalism te’n Commentator of the Year a an thlan, zero Sum World lehkhabu lar tak ziaktu ni bawk ziah hi ka hmu fuha, ka bih chian hnu chuan kan thlir dan leh sawi tum a in ang tih ka hmu thuaia, chuvangin inthlarung lo takin ama lehkhabu hming ‘Easternisation’ tih hian a fun kim-tawi fel zawka hriain thupuiah pawh ka hmang ta a ni. Easternisation a thleng mek, globalization hi a kir (retreat) mek a ni tih ngaih dan min neih tir tu thenkhat te chu-
=>Britxit kan tih mai, kumpinu lal ram, European Union atanga inhnuk dawk mek leh a behbawma Middle-East Rufugee an mikhual theih loh dan te, Spain ram bungkhat Catalonian ten an ram mipui bial dang a mite ngei huphurh a independent hial an sual te hian Europe ram ecomomy tla chhe mek din hmun chiang takin a pholang a.
=>America ram ropui ber mai, khawvel ram hnufual zawk te mangan laia tanpuitu leh chak lo zawk te thlavang hauh thin tu, chumi avanga khawvelin kan ngaihsan rawn ngei mai President thar han en hian thil a danglam a ni’ tih chu kan hmu thiam mai awm e. Politician ni lo businessman, mi buluk leh rothap tak mai Donald Trump thlan a ni hian America mipui tam ber rilru a sawifiah khawpin a lang. A campaign auhla lang sar ber mai pakhat ‘America First’ tih hian an ram economy dinhmun a sawi tel tlat a. President Obama a hun lai thleng khan NATO ram member 28 te mamawh 75% vel lai kha US in a tum sak thina, mahse Trump a hunah chuan beisei tur a awm tawh dawn lo. Americain a hlawkpui ve loh tur atana tanpuina tam tak tak a pek thin pawh nasa taka tihtlem a ni ta. Chu chuan ‘liberal policy’ atangin ‘Protectionist policy’ ah a hruai luta; chumi awmzia chu an ram economy din hmun-ah an thla a muang zan tawh lo a, confidence an hlauh tan tawh tihna a ni. Sumdawnna lamah pawh ramdang thil siam an lak luh atangin chhiah (tax) nasa takin a tipunga, chu chuan khawvel ram hrang hrang leh, a bikin Easternisation hma hruaitu China nen trade-war a chawk chhuak hial a nih hi. Heng zawng zawng hi America economy dinhmun derthawn tawh zia entirtu vek a ni.
=>A leh lamah China kan en chuan, an President Xi Jingping-a chuan ram hmasawnna turin tum ruhna nen kawng hrang hrangin hma a la mek a, chung zinga pawimawh tak pakhat chu corruption umbo a tum hi a ni. Khawvel ram thang chak ber ni turin -China ram ropui siam thar lehna ‘the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation’ tih chu a auhla ber a ni. President Deng Xiaoping hnu-a China hmasawnna tura hma la nasa ber kan ti thei awm e. Tun hnai maiah an ram constitution siam thain President term hnih (kum 10) chauh nih theih dan pawh tidanglamin a theih chen chen a president tawh mai dawn a ni. An economy a thang tih lanna langsar tak pakhat chu, South China Sea vela a chet dan hi a ni. A thenawm ram tenau zawk heng-Phillipines, Malaysia, Brunei, Indonesia leh Taiwan te nena an tuipui intawm (international water)-ah ngei mai artificial Island siamin US mitmei pawh veng loin a khawsa a. Hei hian US a hmuh dan leh a rualpui chei zia a tilang chiang em em a ni.
Globalization hi a retreat, Easternisation hi a thleng mek a ni’ tih finfiah tu dang leh chu India ram Prime Minister Pu Modi a hi a ni. Gujarat Chief Minister a nih laia US leh Europe ram thenkhat ten visa an pek duh loh; a hnu lawka khawvel democracy lian ber ram Prime Minister lo ni ta leh ram hrang hrang tena an sawm luai-luai nita hi a mak tih loh rual a ni lo. Easternisation lanchhuahna hmanraw pakhat a nih zia tilang tu chu-Make in India leh Digital India hi a ni. Hei hian India ram, Pu Nehru-a ideology hnuaiah kum rei tak, ram dang te thilsiam chhuah leh tanpuina a innghat ringawt mai tih tawp tumna leh mahni kut leh ke ngei a din tumna a entir a ni. Muslim leh Christian ten kan han hmu mawh deuh thin nain, ram pawn atanga tanpuina dawn tihtawp hi sakhaw thil lam aimahin midang puihna tel loa dinchhuah tumna a kawk zawkin a lang.
Tin, globalization a retreat a ni tih lanna dang leh chu Phillipines President Rodrigo Duterte a khawsa zia hi a ni. Phillipines hi Mizo te ang mai a Sap ho ngaisang leh bawh huam huam chi ve tho, an tih dan chu ‘standard’ ber emaw ti ve zel mai an ni. Mahse, President Duterte a hi Modi a leh Trump a te ang tho a mi nasa (extreme personality nei), tum ruh leh mahni ram dah san tum tlat mi a ni. Nikum November, 2017 a ASEAN summit-ah khan chanchinbu miten European Union atanga tanpuina an dawn dawn leh dawn loh chungchang an zawh tumin ‘Theihnghilh ru. Buh leh sangha khawro nen chauh pawh kan dam khawchhuak thei (Forget it. We will survive, even if we have to eat dried fish and rice) tiin a chhang nghe nghe a ni. Duterte-a chhanna hian thil tam tak a sawi a, Sap ho ngaihsanna leh chung enna boruak pawh a tlahniam nasa tih a tarlang.
Uluk zawka kan zir chuan khawthlang ramte hi economy-ah antlu chhe meka, chutih laiin Asian ram a kang mek a ni tih kan hmu thei. Khawthlang ram ten khawvela an dinhmun pawimawh tak (dominant power) an hlohna chhan lian deuh deuh pahnih a awm a, chungte chu:-
- Shrinking population-Mipui an tlem tial tiala, miin fa an nei peih tawh lo a, nau pian belh mang si loin upa leh tar ho (ageing population) ringawtin an ram an luah tawh a. Hna thawk rual (working age group) an tlem zel avangin ram economy-in nasa takin a tuar mek. Kum 2050 ah phei chuan England ramah mingo ho aiin mihang/dum ho an tam tawh zawk dawn niin an ngai nghe nghe.
- An hmasawn nain a vawrtawp a thleng tawh. An ram leilung hausakna (natural resource) pawh an hmang zo thawkhat tawha, chuvangin than leh vak ngaihna a awm tawh lo.
Tin, western institution lian leh rintlak ber –democracy hi an beisei angin khawvel hmun dangah a hlawh tling thei lo. Indopui pahnihna zawha democracy tun din tuma Middle-east rama an hmalakna chu a hlawh chham chho zel tih vawiin ni a thil thleng mek khuan a tarlang chiang viau mai. Chubakah, Afghanistan leh Pakistan-ah te pawh democratic institution a hlawh chham tih kan hriat hi.
Chutih rualin Asia lal ram (Easternisation) dinna turin boruak tha a inher chhuak mek zel. Kum 500 kal ta kan en let chuan China leh Muslim ho thiamna leh indona hmanrua te chu European ho hmanrua aiin a hniam bik lo tih kan hmu thei a. Chu aia thui zawk history kan en let chuan, China, Mesopotamia leh Indus valley civilization te chu western civilization aiin a ropui zawk tih kan hmu thei bawk. Chu tak chu President Xi Jingping an: ‘the great rejuvenation of Chinese nation’ a tihna chhan pawh kha a ni. Hmanni maia Tripura CM naupang tak Biplab Deb an Internet leh Satellite thiamna ang chi hi Mahabarata hunlaiin an lo hre daih tawh a tih te pawh kha, kan nuih tiza deuh mahse, a sawina rilru kha ngaituah tham tak a tling.
Asia ram hrang hrang kan en chuan, kum 1960 chho ah daih tawh khan Japan phei chu khawvel ram changkang ber leh ecomony tha ber pakhat a lo ni tawh a. Kum 1970 chhoah South Korean leh Taiwan te pawhin ecomomy lama hmasawnna nasa tak an lo nei tawh. Kum 1980 chho-ah China pawh namen lo a thangin confidence a rawn nei chho a; a hnu kum sawm-ah Prime Minister P.V Narasimha Rao leh Finance Minister Manmohan Singh te hmalakna avangin India ram ecomony pawhin a vawikhatna atan protectionist atangin liberal policy, mi nawlpuiin lPG kan tih mai kha rawn kalpuiin, India ram economy tlu chhe mek an tung ding leh a nih kha. Heta tang hian Asian ram te chuan hma an sawn zela, a bikin China leh India ram te chuan mihring an ngah em avang leh an ram leilung hausakna avangin Super power nih theihna an rawn nei ta hial a ni. Japan leh Korea erawh chu nupui pasal neih leh fa neih an peih loh avangin an inthlahpung chak lo lutuka; chubakah an ram a tet bawk si avangin, Easternisation hma hruatute zing a mi ni mahse, khawvel lo la awm zel turah chti takin an aw a ring zo dawn ta lo.
Mipui tam hi chakna leh ropuina bul a la nih miau avangin Easternisation hi thil thleng mak mawh niin a ngaih theih. Kum 2025 ah chuan khawvel mipui hmun thuma thena hmun hnih hi Asia ramah an cheng tura chhut a ni a; chutih laiin khawvel mipui 5% chauh hi US ah an cheng tura chhut a ni a; tin, 7% chauh hi Europe ramah an cheng tura chhut a ni bawk.
Kum 2014 khan International Monetary Fund (IMF) chuan China hi khawvel a economy lian ber a nih thu a puanga, an tehkhawng ber chu an pawisa hlutna leh an ram chhunga a thil lei theih dan Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) a ni. American National Intelligence Council-US intelligence zawng zawng khaikhawm tu (CIA te pawh telin), chuan kum 2030 ah chuan Asia ramin Europe leh North America khawmualpui belhkhawm te thiltih theihna leh chakna a khum tur thu an puang a. Chung an tehkhawng te chu- GDP than dan, mihring tam lam (population size), ralthuam tih changtlunna atana pawisa hman (military expenditure) leh technology lama hmasawnna te a ni. Easternisation hian par a chhuang a nih chuan kan socio-political institution hi nasa takin a inthlak ngei dawna, tuna pang hian a indo reng tawh a ni. Chu institution pahnih lian deuh deuh te chu –Democracy leh Communism a ni.
Democracy hian western culture ai a awh (represent) a, Communism hian Eastern Culture ai a awh (represent) thung a ni. Amaherawhchu, Communism bu pui Russia leh China te pawh khi democracy hian thui tak chu a pawlh dal hman tho avangin, Easternisation hnuaiah hian a ngial a ngan (pure form) chuan hman theih a nih hmel loh.
Mizoram bikah pawh he instituion pahnih –Democracy leh Communism indona avanga kan buaina tawh tlem a zawng han tar lang ila. A pholang chiangtu ber chu Sawrkar vs YMA/Kohhran a ni. Kan hnam nihphung dik tak chu Communist society a ni. Kan Mizo hnam dan leh hrai leh khawtlang inawp dan leh inrelbawl dan kan en pawhin Communist ideology pianpui tute kan ni.
Chutihlaiin, vawiin ni a kan governing system leh judiciary te chu Democracy hnuai a mi vek an ni si. Communist rilru pu kha Democracy dan leh hrai barhluih kan lo nih takah chuan Sawrkar lam hmalakna tur leh YMA hmalakna tur kan thliar hrang thiam ta meuh lo thin a ni. Sawrkar tih tur niawm tak YMA-in a tih fo chhan pawh hi tuma thiam loh ni loin, he institutions pahnih te insual vang mai a ni.
Kan dan (law) te pawh mimal dah hmasakna individual right leh human right behchhana siam a nih a; mahse, communitarian society-ah chuan mimal aiin group leh society kan dah hmasa thin si a; democracy dan anga kal kan tum chung pawhin mob-rule kan tih ang kha a lo awm leh zauh thin a ni.
Engpawhnise sawi vek sen a ni lo ang. Dik leh dik lo tehna te, mawi leh nalh kan tehna leh kan ngaihsan zawng te pawh hi a inthlak chho ve zel dawn a, politics kan khelh dan leh kan hriat fuh tawk loh, rei tak kan lo kalpui tawh si te hi he Easternisation thlipui hian a la rawn nuai tel ve ngei turah ngai ila. Aung San Suu Kyi lal tak hnu a Burma mi, awmpui tur vang ta duak mai te, khawchhak unaute hmuhsit leh endawngna boruak dai tial tial te hi uluk takin ngaihtuah ang u. Kan ram hruaitute hian khi lam atanga pur chawk theih dan tur leh chak zawka inthlunzawma thawh ho dan tur te hi ngaihtuahin, mut mawh hnar mawha neih a va hun em. Kan zahawmna leh ropuina tur hi kan lo chhuahna lam atang hian a ni turah ka ngai nghet tlat. ziah vek sen a ni lo, remchang a awm leh kan la ziak chhunzawm turah ngai ang.