Dr. Vanlalchhawna
Zofate hian Mizoram hmasawnna kawng hi kan vei tlang hle. Hei hi thil lawmawm tak a ni. Amaherawhchu, hmasawnna kan tih leh hmasawnna kawng nia kan hriat a inchen lo thei hle ang. Indopui Pahnihna hnu lamah khawvel hian kum sawmnga chuang zet hmasawnna chungchang a buaipui ta; hmasawnna kalhmang leh ziarâng tam tak hriat chian zel a ni. Kan ram hruaitute hian hmasawnna kawng dik min zawhpui em? Hmasawnna kawng ngelnghet zawk eng nge ni, tih te kan hriat theih nan khawvel pum huapa development policy inher dan tlangpui leh tunlai khawvelin hmasawnna lungphum pawimawh a tihte han chhawp chhuak ve leh ila a tha awm e.Kum 50 kalta chhung khan development policy a inher danglam nasa hle. 1950 chhovah khan kawngpui leh inbiakpawhna tha, kawlphetha, khawl tha leh hmanraw changkang siam chhuah tam hi hmasawnna kawng pui bera ngaih a ni. Tun thlengin heng thilte hi ei leh bar, sum leh pai dehchhuahna lama thanna siamtu pawimawh ber a la ni reng a; mahse, ram thenkhat dinhmun atangin kawngpui tha, khawl leh hmanraw changkang leh kawlphetha neih tam ringawt hi hmasawnna leh thanna siamtu a ni lo tih hriat a ni.
Hmasawnna kawng pawimawh tak nia ngaih thin pakhat chu ram dang thil lakluh thinte tihtawpa, mahni tualchhung ngeia siam ve tura hmala a ni. He policy hnuaiah hian tualchhung thil siamchhuahte duhsakna leh hamthatna (subsidy) hrang hrang pek a ni. Ram dang thil siam, tualchhunga siam ve theih chite chu mipuiin an lakluh loh nan chhiah sang tak tak lak a ni bawk. He policy hi ram thenkhat, tlem tein an thatpui a, ram tam zawkin an chhiatpui thung. Inelna a awm loh avangin tualchhung thil siam chhuahte quality a chhe em em a, tin, thilsiamna hmanrua (technology) a hniam a, ram danga thawn chhuah tlak bungrua an siam thei lo bawk. He policy thatpuitu Brazil ram ngei pawhin 1990 chhovah chuan a thatpui zo tawh bik lo. Tunah chuan khawvel ram tam ber intlansiakna chu thawnchhuah tam lama hmalakna a ni ta.
Hmasawnna hi sum leh pai dinhmuna inthlauhna nasa tak siam tura ngaih a ni. Hmasawnna a awmin mi thenkhatin an thatpui a, thenkhat tan tlakchhiatna a thlen thin tih a ni. Amaherawhchu, tun hnaia Asia hmarchhak ram thenkhat, Taiwan, Hongkong, South Korea leh Singapore ramte hmasawnna hian intluktlanna tha zawk a thlen bakah mirethei ber pawhin hmasawnna rah tam tak an chhawr ve thei tih hriat a ni. Asia hmachhak ramte hmasawnna atang hian khawvelin thil tam tak zir chhuah a nei a, a langsar zual pahnih chu - Zirna lama hmasawnna hian mihringte thiamna a tipung a, hei vang hian chhungkaw rethei ber ban phaka zirna tha ruahman hi mirethei dinhmun chawikanna tha ber a ni tih leh, ram nei lo hnena ram pek (land reform an tih) hian ei-sum dinhmuna intlukna tha zawk a thlen mai bakah thar chhuah nasa takin a tipung.
Hmasawnna kawngah sorkar hi a hnarkaitu leh bultumtu a ni tur a ni tih hi 1950 atanga vawiin thlenga ngaihdan pawimawh tak pakhat a ni. Ram rethei leh thanglaiah phei chuan sorkar a pawimawh zual. ‘Ei leh bar, sum leh pai dehchhuahna chi reng reng chu sorkar ruahmanna hnuaiah a kal tur a ni’ tih a ni thin. Economic planning lam uar a ni a, sumdawnna lam khuahkhirh dan chi hrang hran a piang nasa hle. Sorkar company lian pui puite dinin, private sector te nasa taka nek chepin, sorkar company kutah thilsiamna chi hrang hrang dah a ni. He programme hnuaiah hian khawvelin thil zir hhuah pawimawh tak pakhat a neih chu sorkar company te hi an hlawk mawh hle, hmasawnna tithuanawptu mai an ni tih a ni. Ram tam takah sorkar company te an hlawk loh em avangin tam tak chu private company hnenah hralh a nih bakah a thente chu tihtawp a ni.
Hetih lai hian tun hnaia China leh Asia hmarchhak ramte hmasawnna hi sorkar-in hma a lak thiam vanga ngaih a ni ve thung. Khawvel ram tam takah subsidy hman khawloh a nih laiin Asia hmarchhak ramte chuan an hmang tangkai hle; khawvel mak tih khawpin an thang chak thung. China ram pawh sorkar ruahmanna leh khuahkhirhna hnuaiah chak takin hma a sawn thei.
Mihringte thiamna, finna leh remhriatna hi hmasawnna hnuk pawimawh tak a nih avangin zirna leh hriselna lam ngaihpawimawh a ni bawk. Amaherawhchu, zirna lama hmasawnnain ei leh bara thanna a pek lem lohna ram a awm nual tho mai. Entir nan - South Africa rama Sub-Sahara velah chuan mihring dam chen rei zawng beisei zat leh school enrollment nasa takin a pung a, mahse an economy a thang lova, tlakhniam lam a pan zawk. Hei hian a entir chu mihring thiamna leh hriselna ringawtin hmasawnna ngelnghet a thlen zo lo tih a ni.
1980 hnu lamah hian hmasawnna kawngah ngaihtuahna thar a piang a, ram chung ei bar, sum leh pai dehchhuah kawngah sorkar a tlem thei ang ber a inrawlh tur a ni tih ngaihdan chak tak mai a rawn piang a. ‘Sorkar a inrawlh nasat zawh poh leh ei-sum dehchhuah kawngah fel lo leh dik lo (distortion) a tam’ tih leh, ‘Sorkar company te hi sorkar sum tihektu mai an ni’ tih ngaihdan a lian hle. Hei vang hian ‘Private sector kutah sumdawnna a tam thei ang ber dah tur’ tih a ni. ‘Sumdawnna chu hlawk beiseina te, mipui duh dan siam thiamah te, private sector te taimakna leh remhriatnaah te a innghat tur’ tih a ni. Hetiang kalhmang hi market economy an ti a; tunah hian khawvel ram tam tak market economy ah a lut mek a ni. Market economy-in a tum ber chu private sector kut tihchak a ni.
Sumdawnna lam ni lovah sorkarin tih tur pawimawh tam tak a nei thung. Dan leh thupek kenkawh te, ram inawpna fel leh tha dinchhuah te, mipui mamawh kawngpui, zirna, hriselna ang chi ruahmanna te, private sector te tana tul leh mamawh ruahmante leh economy pum pui ngelnghehna vawn him hi sorkar tih tur pawimawh taka ngaih a ni.
Kan sawi tak angin hmasawnna kawngpui a zau hle, kawng dik ber leh tha ber sawi a harsa hle. Amaherawh chu, he khawvel ram hrang hrangte hmasawnna thlen chin atangin hmasawnna dik hian kalphung fel tak a nei thung. Hmasawnna hian ei-sum dinhmuna thanna bakah mipui hriselna leh zirna tha zawk ruahman te, ram inrelbawlna tha din chhuah te, boruak vawnhimte leh thangtharte hmakhua ngaihtuah chunga leilung hausakna humhimte a keng a. Vawiin nia hmasawnna hian engti kawng mahin thangtharte tan harsatna leh an hmasawn zelna a dal tur a ni lo tih hi tun lai khawvel hmasawnna innghahna lungphum a ni. Mizoram sorkar-in lei a bâ thur thur mai te, development hna tam tak, corruption khura kan chantir meite hi thangtharte lu chunga meiling kan chhek khawl a, kan tu leh fate phurrit kan siam zel tihna a ni.
Tin, hmasawnna ruahman hi kawng khat chauhva innghah chi a ni lo bawk. ‘Huapzo development policy’ a ni tur a ni. Hmasawnna policy hrang hrangte chu inthlunzawm leh innghengtawnin an kal a ngai a, entir nan - education policy te, agriculture leh industrial policy te chu tum thuhmun an ni tur a ni.
Hmasawnna kawngah sorkar-in tih tur pawimawh tak a nei a, amaherawhchu eng chen chiah nge a inrawlh ang, tih chu awlsam taka bituk theih a ni thung lo. Hmasawnna banpui leh inkaihhruaina chi hrang hrang siam bak chu sorkar inrelbawlnain a zawh tawk anga kal a him ber tih a ni. Sorkar sum leh pai tlin bak mipui tihlawm nan sorkar-in hma a la zau lutuk thei; tin, hmasawnna tibahlah khawpin sorkar kutah mipui an innghat thei bawk. Fimkhur taka sorkar a kal a pawimawh hle.
Hmasawn nan tul leh pawimawh a tam hle; kawngpui leh thahrui tha a awm loh chuan hmasawnna bul tan theih a ni lova; tin, mihringte thiamna, taimakna leh remhriatna tel lovin hmasawnna kawng a zawh theih hek loh. Kawlphetha leh mithiam thahnem tak nei mah ila, ram inrelbawl danin a zir loh chuan hmasawnna a awm thei chuang lo. Chuvangin ram inawpna fel leh tha din chhuah hi hmasawnna kumhlun leh mi tin huapzo hmasawnna kawng pawimawh hmasa ber a ni. Ram inawpna fel leh tha hian sorkar huaisen leh chak, corruption do ngam, dan tha siam ngam, thuneihna mipui phak ang zel sem sawm ngam, dan rorelna zalen siam thei leh sorkar langtlang, thup tit tet nei lote a huap. Ram inawpna fel leh tha hi mipuite himna leh thlamuanna pe thei sorkar tobul a ni. Corruption hi hmasawnna hmelma lian ber a ni a, ram inawpna fel leh tha hian corruption do hi a hna pui ber a ni.
Thingtlang mite hmasawn nan kalphung awmsain a huam theih loh tih dan thar chher chhuah thiam a pawimawh hle. Entir nan, bank hnathawh dan pangngaiah chuan thingtlang mi rethei hnena loan pek hi thil hlauhawm ber a ni hial awm e. Mahse, Bangladesh rama Grameen Bank chuan a huhova loan pek dan (group lending scheme) tha deuh mai a duang chhuak a; hei hi michhia leh rethei leh hmeichhiaten an chhawr tangkai hle. He scheme hnuaiah hian loan recovery a that mai bakah loan latuten an hmang tangkai hle.
Heng kan sawi tak atang hian hmasawnna kawng hi a awl lova, kawng bumboh tak a ni tih kan hre thei ang. Mizoramah hian sik leh sa, ruahtui, thing leh mau leh leilung hausakna, mipuite hmasawnna leh thatna siam khawp kan nei. Amaherawhchu Mizoramah rorelna leh inawpna fel tha a awm loh avangin heng kan ram hausaknate hi mipuiin hmasawn nan an chhawr tangkai lo hle. Tuna kan kalphungah chuan hmasawnna sum leh pai a tam poh leh reiruk tur a tam tihna a ni. Kan ram zirna a chhe em em a, mipuitlingah min chher chhuak zo lo; hmasawnna min thlen zo hek lo. Mi taima leh remhriate tan kawng a ping em em bawk; mi pamham leh vertherte chanvo thatna ram a ni. Chuvangin corruption tireh tura tanlak te, independent judiciary neihte, tualchhung sorkar rintlak siamte, zirna kalhmang siamthatte hi mipuiin agenda pawimawha kan neih loh chuan engtikah mah Mizoram hian hmasawnna tluantling a nei ngai lovang. Mirethei leh thingtlang mite an bet tlawk tlawk ang a, mi tlemte sorkar zem zen pha hoten in leh lo an din ang. Mahse chhungkaw enkawl kawngah an hlawhchham thung ang. Chimral ngai lovin, keimahni leh keimahni kan inchimral mai dawn a ni. Kan ram tan ngaihtuahna thar hman a hun tak zet ta.
