Mizoram Independent Movement

Mahmuaka Chhakchhuak

Mizoram Independence Movement pian dan hi a bul deuh atangin sawi ila. Kum 1870 kumtir lam khan  Bengkhuaia Sailam Lal leh a hote chuan Alexandrapur, Cachar an runnaah thingpui huana lo khawsa Dr. James Winchester that a, a fanu kum 5 mi, Meitei nula laka a fa, (Source: ‘Mizoram khua a la var ang’ by R.Ropianga) Mary Winchester (Zoluti) chu salah an man a. Hemi avang hian British chuan 1871 leh 1890 ah Mizoram chu Zoluti laklet leh tum chuan an rawn run ta a. Zoluti chu lalet lehin British chuan Mizoram chu a awp zui ta a ni.

WORLD WAR II: Kum 1939, September 1 chuan khawvel Indopui II-na (World War-II) chu a chhuak a. He indona hi German Dictator Adolf Hitler-an a thenawm ramte a run chhoh zel avanga lo thleng a ni a. Hitler chuan Europe ram mai duhtawk  lovin 1941 May thla chuan Russia pawh a run ta zel a.

Kum 1941 August-ah U.S. President Franklin D.Roosevelt leh British Prime Minister Winston Churchill te chuan ram dangte pawh hip thei tur thawhdunna thuthlung, Atlantic tuipui lai taka Indo Lawng lianah ‘Atlantic Charter’ an tih chu an siam a. December 7, 1941 chuan Hawaii thliarkara American Navy hmunpui ‘Pearl Harbour’ chu Japan Bombers 189 chuan an bei thut a. Battleship 8, Cruisers 3, Destroyers 3 leh indo thlawhna tam tak an chhu chhia a ni. Hemi tuk hian USA leh Great Britain chuan Japan do an puang nghal a ni.

MIZOTE TEL VENA CHU: Kum 1942, January 1-ah chuan ram 26 aiawh kalkhawmte chuan Atlantic Charter, Roosevelt leh Churchill te lo duan tawh zulzui chuan Atlantic Charter chu siam thain ‘Atlantic Charter’ thar an duang chhuak leh ta a ni. He Charter hi point 8 a ni a.

Atlantic Charter siam a nih atanga ni 3-naah Germany, Italy leh Japan te chuan thawhhona ‘Tripartite Pack’ an siam ve ta nghal a. “Allied Force lam tangten hnehna a chan chuan Allied Force zawm ramte chu tu awpna hnuaia awm pawh nise, zalenna (Independence) emaw, an awm zel dan tur duhthlanna siamsak an ni ang,” tih a ni a.

Hetih lai hian Mizoram (Lushai Hills) chu British Foreign Jurisdiction Act hmanga Foreign Department hnuaia awp kan ni a. British India, Pakistan Burma hnuaia awm ve lo ‘Excluded Area’ tia hriat kan ni a, Superintendent of Lushai Hills-in?a awp kan ni. Allied Force-a tel ve tur hian India pawhin kan ai an awh thei lo va, ram hrang daih kan nih avangin 1942, April 3 khan Mizo Lal leh Upa 300 chuan Aizawl Bawrhsap (Superintendent) Mc Call-a hmaah Allied Force-ho dopui ve tura thutiam Aizawl Bawrhsap tualah British Flag (Union Jack) kalhualin thu an lo tiam a. South Lushai Hills aiawhte pawhin 1942, April 16-ah Lungleiah thu an tiam ve ta bawk a ni.

Kum 1944 chuan Allied Force chuan Europe lamah hma an sawn ta hle a. German kut atangin Belgium leh France pawh an la let ta a. Atlantic tuipui leh Baltic tuipuiah German-ho chu an dang char ve mek bawk a. German khawpui Berlin pawh an dai ta a. 1945, April 30 chuan Adolf Hitler leh a bialnu Eva Brown te chuan an tawm rukna leihnuai pindanah chuan ‘Tiam tlat e’ an ti a. An inneih atanga minute reiloteah chuan an pahnihin an inkaphlum ta a ni.

Hitler ber a boral takah chuan kil tina German sipai la chambângte pawh an inpe ta zel a. Europe-ah chuan indona chu a tawp ta a. Allied Force-ten Europe-a hnehna an chan takah chuan an lamtang ram 50 aiawhte chuan 1945, June 25-26-ah San Francisco, USA-ah United Nations Conference an nei a. Atlantic Charter zulzui khan an thil tum (Aims & Objectives) duangin United Nations Organisation an din ta a ni.

Khawchhak lam ral Japan kha a la tlawm ve lo va. 1945, August 6 zingah chuan American Bomber, Major Charles Sweeney khalh chuan Japan Khawpui Hiroshima chu a thlawh hual mek a. Japan sanaa zing dar 7:45 a nih chuan khawvelin an la tawn ngai loh ‘Little boy’ an tih Atom Bomb chu Hiroshima-ah chuan thlak a ni ta a. Mihring 80,000 chuang an thi nghal a. A ni thumna 1945, August 9-ah chuan Japan Navy hmunpui Nagasaki-ah Atom Bomb pahnihna chu thlak leh a ni a. 1945, August 14-ah chuan Japan Emperor Hirohito chuan Japan chu intiamkam awm lova tlawmna chu a puang a. September 2-ah Japan sawrkar aiawh (Representative)-te chuan Tokyo Bay-ah U.S. indo lawng lian ‘Missouri’-ah Japan tlawmna chu an ziak fel ta a ni.

ATLANTIC CHARTER TIHHLAWHTLINNA: Allied Force an chak tak avang hian Atlantic Charter kha tihlawhtling turin hma lak nghal a ni a. India, Burma leh Pakistan te pawh ram zalen (Independence) an ni ta a. Hetah hian Mizoram pawh duhthlang thei kan ni ve a; mahse, kan pi leh pute khawhawi a la tawiin, kan ram a thlaler si a. Duhthlan dan pawh an la thiam lo a ni.

British Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill khan Tribal Area Foreign Jurisdiction Act anga Foreign Department-in a awp ram (Excluded Area) te British awpna hnuaia awm rihna tur (Crown Colony) ruahmanna siam turin Oxford University, History Head of Department, Sir Reginald Couplan chu a ti a. Hei hi ‘Couplan Plan’ an tih kha a ni. He plan hi tihpuitlin a nih hmain British Parliament inthlanah Winston Churchill chu Clement R.Atlee-an a hneh ta a. British sawrkar an inthlak tak avangin hma lak zui a ni ta lo.

MIZORAM INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENT: Kum 1958-ah chuan kum 50 dan zela thleng thin mautam “Tampui Mitthi” chu Mizoramah a lo thleng leh ta a. Nunau ei tur nei lo riltam an chiau vawng vawng a, Zoram pum chu riltamna leh mangannain a tuam a ni. Min awptu India sawrkar atangin chhawmdawlna mumal dawn a awm lo va. Mizo mipuite manganna chu tlem tala sutkian theihna kawng a awm dah lawmaw tiin Laldenga leh a thiante chuan ‘Mizo National Famine Front’ an din ta a. India sawrkar leh Assam sawrkarah Mizoram (Lushai Hills) district-in Mautam a tuarna an thlen a. An thu zuk thlente chu “Hmanlai thawnthu mai mai,” tiin an lo bengkhawn tha duh lo va.

Laldenga te chuan Mizote dinhmun chu ngun taka an ngaihtuahin, mihring nuai tlemte an ni a. Thenawm rama hnam dang lian pui puite chuan ti ringawta an awm chuan an la chimral mai dawn a ni tih hriatna, him tawk lova inhriatna (Insecurity) an nei ta a ni. Chutia Mizote dinhmun hlauhawm takah a ding mek tih hriaa an awm mek laiin  kum 1960 chuan UNO-in a member ram te an ram awp chhuah zalenna tur (Dicolonisation) a rawn puang ta a.

He U.N thupuan hi Laldenga te khan an lo hria a. Mahse, kan ram awmna a kilkhawrin, thu chiang zawk hriat theihna tur sap chanchinbu emaw pawhin a thleng pha lo va. BBC leh VOA Radio atangte mai lo chuan khawvel thil thleng hriatna a awm lo a ni. Khati chung khan Laldenga te khan UNO beng kan thlen ve theih nan, Mizo hnam chu awpbeha awm mek a ni tih an hriat theih nana tlangau ve turin 1961, October 22-ah “Mizo National Front” (MNF) an din ta a. MNF chuan India sawrkar hruaitu an biak theih ang ang biain, Mizote dinhmun tur an sawipui zel a. 1965, October 30-ah chuan Prime Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri hnenah Memorandum an thehlut a. Laldenga, President leh S.Lianzuala, General Secretary ten hming an sign a. Mi thenkhatten MNF hotute chu Thlamram atanga UNO be thei tia nuihza siam nana hmang thinte hian Laldengate hian an chhun mumang mai an sawi lo tih hria se, zaka kun reng tur an ni.

Hetianga thu leh hla hmanga India sawrkar nen tharum tel lova dawhkan hmaa Mizote dikna leh chanvo nei tura sawi fel theih an beisei lai hian sipai tam tak rawn tirh luh a, Mizote dikna leh chanvo neih tuma hma la apiangte man khawm a, engmah sawi thei lova hren beh vek an tumna chu, Laldenga te chuan kutlukhima lo hmachhawn ringawt chi a ni lo tih an hmu thlang ve si a. Mahni dikna pawh sawi thei lo leh sawi ngam lova an hrenbeh vek chuan Mizoram leh hnam tan ral hlenna a ni dawn tih an hria a ni.

MIZORAM INDEPENDENCE PUAN A NI: Laldenga te khan engkawng pawh zawh dawn se, Mizo mipuiten Mizote dikna leh chanvo chu an hriat chian a pawimawh a ni tih an hria a. Mizoram dungtluanah theihtawp chhuahin an tlangaupui ta a ni. India sawrkar khan UNO thupuan kha a hrechiang em em a; chuvangin, Laldenga te thusawipui kha a ngam lo niin a lang. A let a lingin eng emaw chhuanlamin Pu Laldenga kha manin Silchar jail-ah a khung a. Laldenga te thusawi kha Mizo lehkhathiam thil chinchang hre pha 90% dawn lai ten dik ti a MNF Movement an zawm zel tih a hriat avangin mipui tihthaih nana an ruahman niin a lang a ni.

India sawrkar chuan Mizoramah January, 1966 khan 18th Battalion Assam Rifles a rawn tir lut ta a. Mizo National Front, High Command chuan ngun taka an ngaihtuah hnu chuan Mizoram chu amaha duhthlang thei a ni a. Mizofa chhuan lo la kal zel turten hmasawnna an neih theih nan te, Mizo hnam kan nih anga kan dinchhuah ve theih nan, siamtu Pathian rinchhanin “Pathian leh kan Ram tan” tiin 1966, March 1 (zanlai)-ah chuan ‘Mizoram Independence’ chu Laldenga, President chuan a puang ta a ni.

MNF Volunteer-te chuan Aizawl, Lunglei, Champhai leh khaw eng emaw zata India Sipai Camp chu an kap ta nghal a, Champhai leh Lunglei an la a. India sawrkar chuan Jet Fighter rawn tirin nunau pawisawilo ten nen lam a rawn bei a, sipai tam zawk a rawn tirh belh zel a. Mizoram chu Indona hmun a lo chang ta a ni.