Trong Hmasawn Dan

Lalthlamuong Keivom (L. Keivom)

Afghanistan ramri-a inthoka Thailand- Burma ramri bul chen hi British India hnuoia a ramper, km biel 4,903,312 (1,893,179 sq.miles) a lien, intiem hmasa tak 1881 khoma mihriem maktaduoi (mtd) 256 umna, Kumpinu lallukhum cheimawitu lunghlu tam tak laia a varparh a nih. Trong hrang hrang inhmang tah, hrangchat lai mek le thi hmin hman tah ieng zat am a um ti hriet nuomin kum 1891-1928 sung khan beipui thlakin thlithlaina (survey) an nei a, trong (language) 364 le trong tesep (dialects) tam tak an rikawt a. Chuong an lak khawmhai chu Linguistic Survey of India ti bu hming putin Volume 11 (XI) a hung suok a. Zo hnathlakhai po po, Meitei khom jel sain, Volume III, Part III-ah, Tibeto-Burman Family: Kuki-Chin & Burma Groups ti hnuoiah an mi khum a. Hi lekhabu hi Zo hnathlakhai chanchin le tu laia ei ram delhai ei hung hluo hma le hnung chanchin ei hril ni khuoa săm makmaw laia pakhat a nih. Hi lekhabu hi ro hlu, Old Kuki hnuoia hnam hming hrang hrang an siehai laia naupang tak,‘Hmar’ ti hming le ‘Hmar trong’ ziek ngeia a hung inlangna hmasa tak a nih.

A trobul

Austria khawpui Vienna hi histawri lamthruoma ngir ve laia pakhat a ni ang hrimin, mi kawlhrawng Napoleon Bonaparte-in a râl hratna kuttum hmanga kum tam Europe a vai hmăt hnunga Elbaa an man khan, chuong laia Europe rambung hrang hranga thruoitu mi var le thiemhai chun Europe map rem thra nawk dingin kum 1815 khan Vienna Convention an nei a, tu lai chena ram tum tum inkara indawr dan hmang zui pei hi an duong suok a nih. Chu hnung kum 70-a hi hmuna Oriental Congress an nei trum chun India rama inthokin Royal Asiatic Society aiawin mi panga an thrang ve a, chuonghai laia pakhat chu Indian Civil Service (ICS) pachal, George Abraham Grierson (1851-1941) a nih. Grierson rotna le norna leiin inkhawmpui chun British India ramper sunga trong an hmanghai mumal taka thlithlaina nei dinga Kumpinu Sorkar kuoma rotna siem thra an ti tlang a. Hi thu tlukna hin kakhawk poimaw a nei sei hle.

Chu rotna chu bawzuiin kum 1898 khan Linguistic Survey of India an indin a, Superintendent-ah Grierson an ruot a. Ama chun Survey thaw dan ding le trong hrang hrang lak khawm dan ding rurel a duong a. Chu chu thawna dinga inkhina hmangruoa a hmang chu Sir George Campbell-in trong hrang hrang inangna le danglamna thlier theina chabi-a ngai, thumal le tronglamkei 241 a lak khawmhai le Baibula ‘Naupa tlanhmang tekhinthu’ a nih. Grierson ngeiin Luka 15:11-32 a hmang san chu, “it contains the three personal pronouns, most of the cases found in the declension of nouns, and the present, past, and the future tenses of the verb” tiin a ziek.[1]

Hi taka Hmar (Mhar tiin an ziek) tronga Major J.Shakespear inlet (1900) an inchuon hi mellung poimaw, ziek ngeia lekhabua ‘Hmar’ hming le Hmar trong a chuongna tu chena ei hmu thei hmasa tak chu a nih. Chu chu Linguistic Survey of India Vol.III Part III (Tibeto-Burman Family: Kuki-Chin & Burma Groups), 1904-a a chuong dan angin a hnuoia hin ei hung thur suok a nih. Thlûk sei ‘â’ umna po hi ‘aw’ anga tiem ding a nih.[2] A hnunga ‘Ṭ/ṭ’ hawrop an duong hma a ni leiin T/t pangngai an hmang bok. Kum za vel sunga trongkam hmang dan le thu inlet le ziek dan indanglam nasat takzie enkhi thei dingin Delhi Version-a inlet dan khom a karthlaka italics a sie sa a nih.

“Mi tu-na-ma-nih fa-pa pa-nhih a nei-a. A-nao-pang-lem-in a pa kuam-a, ‘Ka pa ro ka chan-tum mi pe-roh,’ a ta. Chuang-chun, a sum chu an in nhin a shem-rel-a. Ni-shât-nâ-tak-in a-nao-pang-lem-in sum a-reng-in a khâm-vong-a, khua-lam la tak-a a fe-tah. Chu khua chun-in hoi-ta-bek-in a om-a, a sum chu a bo-mhang-ta-vong-a. A mhang-zo-vong-le an khua tiang chu na-sha-deo-vin an tam –a, bak-ding a tla-sham-a. Chuang-chun chu-hai khua chun tu-kuam-am shin thoh-in a va-thang. Chu mi-pa chun vok thlai pe-ding-in a lo tiang a thuai-a. Ziang-tin kâm vok-in a bak kha a-ma khom a-puar-tak a-bak a nuam-a, tu-khomin iang-khom an pe-noh-a.

Mi pakhat hin naupa pahni a nei a. A naupang lem chun a pa kuomah, ‘Pa, ka ro chan ding mi pe rawh’ a ta, chuongchun ro chu an kuomah a sem tah a. Chu hnung sawt naw teah a naupang lem chun a chanpuol po chu a lâk a, ram hla takah a fe a, chu taka chun inhoi chènin a sukriral ta vong a. A nei po po a khawral hnungin chu rama chun tràmpui a tla a, fak ding a nei ta naw a. Chuongchun, chu rama mi pakhat chu a bèl a, ama chun vok bu pea sor dingin a lo tieng a tir a. Vok bua an pek fanghra chun insukkhop ve tak a nuom a, tu khomin fak ding an pek si nawh.

“A harh-nâk-phing-le, ‘Ka pa kuam-a sum-lhâ-hai bu bak-shen-lo-va nei an tam-theia leh kei la-khi hi-lai-hin von-tam-in ka thi-vang-vang-a. Tho-ka-ta ka pa kuam-a va-rhil-ka-tih, “Ka pa van-a mi chung-a leh nang-a mit-mhu-in iang-tin ka thâ-shual, ka mhing i nao-pasal a-ring tlak ka ni-noh, I kuam-a sum-lhâh pa-khat ang-in mi shiam-ve-roh” ting-ka-tih.’

Sienkhom a hung inhriet suok phing leh, ‘Ka pa ina inhlawfahai lai khom khan fak sêng lo nei an tam vei leh, kei hlak chu hi taka hin phingtrâmin ka thi el ding a ni si a. Tho ka ta, ka pa kuomah feng ka ta, ‘Pa, vana mi chunga le nangma chungah thil suol ka lo thaw a nih. I naupaa inbûk tlak khom ka ni ta naw a, i ina inhlawfa pakhat angin mi sor ve el rawh’ ting ka tih, a ta. 

“Chuang-chun a tho-va a pa kuam-a fe tah-a. Chuang-chun lha-tak-a a la-om-lai-in a pan a lo mhu- a, a khâ-ngai-a, a tlan-a, a ir a shuk-tua a fâp-a. A kuam-a a nao-pasal-in, ‘Ka pa van-a mi kuam-a leh nang-a mit-mhu-in iang-tin ka thâ-sual. Ka mhing i nao-pasal a-ring tlak ka ni-noh,’ a ta.

“Chuongchun a tho a, a pa kuom tieng a pan tah a. Hla taka a la um laiin a pa chun a lo hmu a, a lunginsiet êm êm a, a tlân a, a kuo a, a fawp ngawi ngawi a. 21 A naupa chun, ‘Pa, vana mi chunga le i chungah thil suol ka lo thaw a nih, i naupaa inbûk tlak khom ka ni ta nawh’ a ta.

“Ni-khom-sian a pan a suak-hai kuam-a, ‘Puan tha tak tak kha hang-la-un-la hang-choi-tir-roh, a kut-a kut-sebi-hai, a khe-a phei-khok hang-bun-tir-roh, se-bâng-te a-thao-tak kha hang-la-un-lan that-ro, lhim-tak-in bak-ei-tih, hi ka nao-pasal hi a thi a a hong-rhing-nok a ni, an mhang nhu kan mhu-nok-ta a nih,’ a ta. Chuang-chun lhim-tak-in an om-tan-nok-ta-a.

A pa ruok chun a siehlawhai kuomah, ‘Zakuo thra tak kha hung la vat unla, inhâktir unla, kutsebi inbuntir unla, pheikhok khom inbuntir bok ro; bawng tuoi thau tak kha hung kei unla, that ro. A lawmna dingin ruoi threng ei tiu. Ka naupa hi a thi a, a hung hring nawk tah a; a’n hmang a, ei hmu nawk tah a ni hi” a ta. Chuongchun an lawm tran tah a.)

“A nao-pasal a-len-lem lo-va om. In-a hong-tlung-tâm-in iang-tin shut-ri le an lam-thâm a hong-rhiat-a. Chuang-chun suak tu-ma-nih a sham-a, ‘Chu ia-ma ni-ta-leh?’ a ta, a zât a. “I shang a hong-tlung-tah-a, him-tak-in a-mhu-lei-in i pan se-bâng-te thao tak kha a that,’ a ta. Chuang-chun a lung a shen-a in-a an loi-nuam-noh-a, a pa a hong-shuaka an thlêm a. Nih-man a pa kuam-a, ‘Rhe-roh, kum khâ hi-ang-chen-hi i sin ka thoh-a, i thu lakhi ka nhial-ngai-noh-a, ka rualhai kuam-a lâm-na-ding kel hai-khom ini pek-ngai-noh. Chuang-chun i nao-pasal hi nâ-chi-zuar kuam-a i sum bak-ral-vong-tu hi a hong-fe-phing-leh a-ma-ding-in se-bâng-te thao tak kha i lo-that-pek-zel-a’ a ta-lo-don-a.

Chuong lai chun a naupa upa lem chu loah a um a. A hung inlawi chun, in a tlung tawmin rimawi le làm ri a hriet a. A siehlaw pakhat chu a ko a, “Chu ri chu ieng ri am an ta leh?” tiin a’n don a. Ama chun, ‘I sang a hung kìr a, dam taka a hmu nawk leiin i pain bawng tuoi thau a that a nih’ a ta. Chuongchun, a lung a sen ta hle a, inah chun a lut nuom ta naw a. A pa chu a hung suok a, a va thlêm a. A naupa chun, ‘Ngai rawh, hieng chen hi suok sorin i mi sor a, i thupek voi khat khom ka sêl ngai nawh. Sienkhom, ka ruolhai le kan insukhlimna ding kèlté takngiel khom i mi pek ngai nawh. Tuhin i naupa, nawchizorhai laia i sum thè ral vongtu hi a hung kìr a, bawng tuoi thau tak el i lo thatpek nawk nghal si hi’ a ta. 

“‘Ka nao-pasal ka kuam-a i om-zing, an roh ka-ta poh chu i-ta vong an nih. Lhim tak le lâm tak-a om a tha an-nâ, hi i shang hi a thi hong-rhing-nok a nih, an mhang-a kan mhu-nok-ta a nih’ a ta. (p 259-261).

A pa chun, ‘Ka naupa, nang chu ka kuoma um zing i na, ka nei po po hi i ta annawm. Hi i sangpa ruok hi chu a thi tah kha a hung hring nawk a, an hmang ta kha ei hmu nawk tah a ni hi; hlim taka lawm ding ei ni hrim a nih’a ta

Note: Fa/fak le phing ti loa ‘bak, von’ ti thu mal a hmanga inthok hin inletnaa thrangpuitu hi Zote pahnam trong hmang a nih ti jêldin thei a nih. Chun, ‘uo’ neka ‘ua’ an hmang lem hin Lusei trong hmangna khawvela chêng a nih ti hriet thei a ni bok. ‘Bawng’ ti nêka ‘sebawng’ an hmang hi BSI Hmar O.V (Re-edited) 2017-18 le BFW chun a la hmang zing a, DV chun ‘bawng’ ti a hmang tah. Zohnathlakhai hi bawng vai ngai lo, siel vai hlak ei lo ni leiin, bawng an hung vai ve tran khan siel leh keikopin ‘sebawng’ an hung ti a. Siel le bawng chu ran thuhmun an ni naw leiin a hnungin ‘sebawng’ ti loin ‘bawng’ ti chauhin an hung ko tah a nih.

Dulien-Lusei-Mizo Baibul

Tuta ‘Mizo trong’ tia hriet tah hi kha hma khan ‘Dulien trong’ tia hriet a ni a, Lusei hnathlakhaiin an hung hmang lar hnungin ‘Lusei trong’ ti a hung ni a, chu chu Lusei hnam naw khoma trong tlanglawna an hmang tak a ni leiin ‘Mizo trong’ tia thlak a hung ni tah pei a nih. Hi trong hi zieka sie a hung ni tranna chu kum 1894-a Aizawla misawnari pahnih S.W.Savidge (Sap Upa) le J.H.Lorrain (Pu Buanga) an hung a, anni khomin an hmang ve tho Roman hawrop hmanga A AW B an siema inthok khan a nih. Chu hawrop chu hmangin 1895 khan Luka ziek an inlet tran a, 1898 khan khawla sut chu a hung suok a. A kum nawk 1899-ah sikul an hong tran a. Hmu theia um, sikula inchuk ding lekhabu an siem hmasa tak Mizo Zir Tir Bu, phek 27-a sa, chu 1901-a Shillong, Assam Secretariat Printing Dept sut (2nd Edition) a nih. Sut khatna hi 1899 laia suok ni dinga ring a nih.

Hieng laia Baibul an inlet dan chu a hnuoia hin a thren ka sie a, ngainuomum tak a nih. Braket sunga italics-a siehai hi inlet nuhnung tak, 2005 C.L edition-a an sie dan a nih. Trong inthrang dan le a fie zuol pei dan hriet theina darthlalang thra tak a ni ka ring. Chîk taka ei bi chun, kum za hmaa ei trong hmang dan le tu laia ei hmang dan hi 30-40% velin a danglam ta a, kum za nawk hnunga lem chu tu laia Baibula ei trong hmang dan hi maktiin, a thren chun nuizat siemnaah la hmang an tih. Tu khom hin ei hmang tah mek zing a nih ti a hnuoia ei thu tar langa hin hriet thei a nih.

Marka

2:7 Hemi hian engatinge he tiangin a shawi? A blasfim a ni hi (Hemi hian engah nge hetianga a tih le? Pathian pawi a sawi a ni) 

4:21 Khawnvar pawh bel hnuaia emaw, khum hnuaia emaw chuan dah-a a lo kal em ni? (Khawnvar hi khova khuh turin emaw, khum hnuaia dah turin emaw an rawn chhi ngai em ni?

4:30 Pathian ram chu engnge kan an’-tir ang ? (Pathian ram chu eng nen nge kan teh ang)

Luka

3:6 Tin, nung na-ran in Pathian chhandamna an hmu ang (Pathian chhandamna chu mi tinin an hmu ang)

4:8 Tin, Jisua’n a hnena “Jihova i Pathian hnena dovan-kai roh, ama rong chaoh bawl roh, ti a ziak a ni,” a ti a. ( Isuan, “Lalpa i Pathian chu chibai buk la, ama rawng chauh bawl rawh’ tih ziak a ni” a tihsan a).

8:10 “Jihova ram thu zep nangni hriat an oih e, ama eraw chu mi dang chu teh-khin thu chaoh-in an oih. (Pathian ram thu ril chu nangni hriat atana tih a ni a, mi dangte tan erawh chuan thu harsa a ni).

8:50 “Hlao shu, ring mai roh, chutichuan a dam leh ta ve ang” a ti a. (“Hlau suh, ring mai la, a dam leh ang” a ti a)

Thilthawhai

1:5 Johana’n tui in a baptaiz ṭhin kha, nimahsela ni rei lo te an, Thlarao Thatfamkim-a baptizam in chang ang, a ti a. (Johana chuan tuiin a baptis a, nangni erawh chu ni rei lo te-ah Thlarau Thianghlima baptis in ni ang” tiin a hrilh a)

Korinth I

13:1 Mihring leh van-tirhkoh ṭawngin thu shawi mah ila, hmangaih nei shuh ila, dar ri mai mai emaw, darbenthek ri emaw mai ka lo ni. (Mihring ṭawngte leh vantirhkoh ṭawngtein thu sawi thei mah ila, hmangaihna ka neih si loh chuan, dar ri ang emaw, darbenthek ri ang emaw chauh ka ni ang)

Korinth II

7:10 Pathian lama hmangaih-na-in inchhir lo chhandamna turin shima a thawk. (Pathian duhzawng anga lungngaihna hian chhandamna tura simna a thlen a, inchhirawm lo tak a ni)

Galatia

5:1-2 Libarti atan a Krista in min chhua,: chutichuan ding nghet ula bawi-tanna nghawng-kawl-a chuan lo hnawk tawh suh u. Ngai teh u, kei Pawla’n in hnena ka shawi hi, peritem lo chang ula, Krista engma-in a sawt lo vang che u. (Krista chuan min zalentir ta si a, in zalennaah hian ding tlat ula, bawih nghawngkawl bat leh tawh suh u. Ngai teh u, kei Paula ngei hian ka hrilh a che u, serh in tan chuan Krista chu in hlawkpui lo tawp ang).

Kolossa

2:11 Ama-a peritem kuta-a shiam a ni lo chuan peritem pawh-in in lo awm, tisha chu a hlip shawn-in, Krista peritema chuan. (Amahah serh tan in ni ta, kuta tisa vun tan ni lovin, Kristaah chuan serh tan in ni)

Note: Tuta ‘sertan’ tia inlet hi a hmasa tak chun a tlukpui thu mal an hriet naw leiin misawnarihai khan ‘peritem’ tiin an sie a, chu chu Grik trong a nih. Kum 1898-a an inleta chun “Naoshen zang tan” (Luka 1:59) tiin an hung sie a, kum 1912-a an ennon khomin “Nausen zang tan” tiin an la sie zing a, kum 1924-a ruok chu ‘Nausen serh tan” tiin an hung thlak tah thung a nih. ‘Peritem’ kha lo hmang zing chu ni hai sien, ‘pulpit, sermon, sakramen, pen’ tihai ang hin eini trong hrim sawn tang ei tih. ‘Lekha’ ti dam hi Vai trong a nia chu ei tuoltro trong ei sawn tah vong a nih.

Hieng bu hrang hrang an inlethai hi siem phuisui peiin kum 1924 khan Thuthlung Thar bu hmasa tak chu Lusei trongin an sut a, bu mal mal an inlet le sut trana inthokin Thuthlung Thar bu pum bu khata a hung suokna dingin kum 26 sung a lak a nih. Chuonga fe peiin Baibul pumpui chu September 6, 1959 khan a suok a; Zohnathlak hnam tinin mani hnam tronga Baibul an hung inleta rawn taka an nei a nih. Chu chu besana Dr. Thanglung lo inlet chu a thi hnung kum rukah, October 1968 khan Hmar tronga Holy Bible khom a hung suok ve tah a nih. Hrietna le trong a hung inthrang pei ruolin Lusei tronga mi chu an siem thra zing a, hma a hung sawn deu deu a. Hmar tronga mi ruok chu varson tam tienga hma a sawn ang huin translation tieng chu chengkol hniek tiema intawl zing a hoi khop el.

Tlangkawmna

Bible inletnaa trul makmaw ni-a hriet trongkam thar iemani zat ser thar laia mi pali chauh, ser san a ni dan leh DT-ah ka hung thur suok a, Facebook-ah ka thu ziek nekin a zieknaa international standard-a ka hawrop hmang chu an chai nasa hle a. Hmu dan le hmu phak inang tlat lo chuh, thrahnem ei ngai dan khom a khuongruol nawh. Ei dai phak chin hriltu a ninaah lawmum vongah ngai inla. Chu le inzom chun Saptrong le trong hrang hranga inthoka ei trong anga ei hmang tah, ei hmang lai le ei hung hmang mekhai hriet tumin, J.F. Laldailova siem ENGLISH-LUSHAI DICTIONARY (1969) besana hmangin ka sui a, thumal 2862 ka hmu suok a. Vai trong le trong dang dang ei lak lut tah po leh bel khawm inla lem chuh, sang nga chuong daih a ni tah ka ring. Chu chun, ei naah ieng dar am a vuok- thina dar am jubili dar? Hienghai hi ei hriet le hriet naw kar ieng lai khoma ei trong phir thlu dinga sun-zan zoma mi rûntu, Hmangai Johan trongkam haw-in, “A mi dit chingna uoiin” mi’n dawntira mi vairuitu an nih. Chuong po po zierangin nghet taka a triel pha chun Thattinlien Sungte hla ‘Nemrang Puon’ a ‘Ka khawng a, a zie te chu triel dit dit’ ti dota zuitu chu “Vai zie te chu triel dit dit” ni ngei a tih.

Ei trong, mal tin umzie nei (mono syllabic language) le mal iemani zat bel khawma umzie nei (polysyllabic language) trong hi inkop thei lo hrim hrim dinga khuonu ruot an nih. Nupaa cheng hmun khat tumin inkop hai sien khom, tê nei thei lo an nih. Anni le anni an inkop ruok chun chi an thla treuh thei. Ei tronga Saptrong thumal ei lak luthai hin chi a thla sawng thei nawh; eini trong an lak khomin chi a thla sawng thei bok nawh. Tuta ei ngirhmun chu polysyllabic trongin ei trong a chim pil mek sansuok dan ding hril chânga thu dang thlu loa A AW B tiem le ziek dik dan inchuktir la ngai fawm ni awm pawl, phuhlum anga ei hung suok trak trak hi ei phak tawk niin a’n lang. Isun Jerusalem a tră khum truma, “Pathienin a hung kan lai che i hriet naw leiin..” ti thukhawchang khan ei na bulah dâr a vuok nawh. Solomon thuvarah hieng hin a lo ziek kha tie!

Mimawlha’n an mawl invaina,

An la thipui ding a na;

Invêthan an ngai sukngamna,

An la sietpui bok ding a nih. (Thuv. 1:32).

(August 3, 2018; Delhi)

[1]Sen, Siddhartha (2002). “George Abraham Grierson, 1851-1941”. Hermathena (172) 39-55. JSTOR 23041283.

[2] Hmar trong hung inthrang pei dan sui zau nuomhai chun July 6, 2010-a ka ziek ‘Trong Hmasawn Dan’ ti kha tiem dingin ka’n fui. Ka website ‘Keivom Diary’ ah hmu le tiem thei a nih.