Mizo ten saptawng kan hman di lo tlanglawnte
David L.Ralte
Six String Cabin
Durtlang North
Six String Cabin
Durtlang North
Tun tuma kan thu khel tur hi hunrei tak atanga ka ngaimawh em em; ziak tura vawi duai lo ka in tintuah- ka ziak lawk ngam loh a ni. A thupui pawh khi,... ‘ kan hman dik lo...’ han tih lai tak khi tim leh maimitchhing chunga ka vuah a ni. Saptawng hi a thiam ber leh a thiam pawl zinga mi pawh ka ni pha lo chungin, insit tak chungin ka han ziak ta mai a ni e.
Kan hriat angin, Mizo hi saptawng hmang uar tak hnam kan ni a. Hetihlai mek hian, kan hman lar thenkhatte erawh hi chu a tawng neitu lam hman dan ni loa hman kan nei nual mai. CHung zinga thenkhatte:
Carrom Board/ Draught Board etc : “ Vawiin chu carrom board ka pen nileng zak mai’ te kan tia. Tin, YMA/ KTP pawhin keimahni pual sports kan neih dawn pawhin, chanchinbuah leh item tih tur kan puannaah pawh, Carrom Board/ draugtht board tiin kan sawi fo mai. Carrom khi a game hming a nia, chu game chu a board ( thlengah khelh a ni chauh zawk ) CHutiang bawkin, draught hi a game hming a ni a, chu game chu a thlengah khelh a ni. ‘ Carrom Board/ Draught Board ka pen/ khel’ kan tih chuan, ‘ Football stadium ka pet/ Tennis Court ka vua/ Cricket field ka khel’ etc tih nen danglamna a awm lo!
Sub../ Special : Kan hre theuh, ‘ sub’ chu a pum pui ni lo, a zahve/ peng te sawina lam a ni. Sawrkar Department thenah hian- District huapin, Divisional Office a awma, chu chu Divisional Officer-in a ho thin. CHumi hnuaiah chuan, District pum pui huap lo, Sub- Division a awm leh a, chu chu, Sub-Divisional Officer-in a ho thung.
Veng hrang hrangah YMA/KTP/TKP kan ding deuh vek. CHung Branch-te chuan, a hnuaiah Sub-Committee hrang hrang an din a. CHung Sub-committee hrang hrangte chuan,’Sub..’ tih hi an telh talh hlawm. ‘ Thlanmual sub-committee’ an awm dawn chuan, thlanmual committee a awm phawt anga, chumi hnuaiah, thlanmual sub-committee a awm chauh ang. Ama hming ang pu committee awm lo vin, sub-committee awm ngawt hi kan thelh lian khawp mai.
Kohhran Inkhawm/ Function-ah item tam tak nei tur an awmin, an vaiin, ‘special item’ kan ti deuh vek mai. Tin, pawl/mimal pakhat chauhin item a neih dawn pawhin, ‘special item’ kan la ti tho nia. ‘Special’ hi chu tam tak zinga, a bik ngawih ngawih thil sawina a ni! Hman fimkhur atan ka lo awt thin ngawt mai.
Apostrophe (‘s/s’ ): Apostrophe kan hman dan hi kan tih dik loh langsar ber zinga mi niin kia hria. Hetia-’S hmalama kan dah hian pakhat ( singular ) sawina a ni a. S’ hnunga khi tianga kan dah khian pakhat aia tam ( plural form ) a ni. Amaherawhchu, plural zawng zawngah erawh a hnungah an dah vek chuang lo. Noun/ pronoun-a a tawpa (s) awmsah chauah (s) hnungah apostrophe hi dah thin tur a ni. Entirnan: (1) Lecturers’ Common Room- tah khian (s) khi a tel sa avangin, apostrophe khi (s) hnungah an dah thin.
(2) Children’s Day- tah khian (s) khi dah chawp a nih avangin,plural pawh nise, apostrophe hi (s) hamlamah dah tur a ni.
Abreviation ziak danah: Thiling lamtawi kan ziak reng rengin, a tawng neitu lam kan entawn rau rau a nih chuan, anni lam chuan-hawrawp thumal a hmasa ber leh a hnuhnung ber hman a nih chuan “ Full stop” dah loh tur a ni. Entirnan: Doctor hi a lam tawi chu- Dr ( chu chu, D khi hawrawp hmasa ber a nia, R khi hawrawp hnuhnung ber a nih avangin, full stop dah loh tur a ni. Revd/ Er...etc ah te pawh hian full stop dah loh tur a ni.
M/S : Hei hi, ‘ kan hman dik loh langsar ber a ni hial em aw’, ka ti hial. Sumdawng leh Dawrkaite hian an letter head leh an dawr hming-dawr kawngka luchunga an tar hi han en ila, atam zawk hian
mi tih kan hriat avanga kan tih ve ngawt, a awmzia erawh kan hriat lem loh niin a lang.
M/S hi French tawng atanga lak- Messieurs- Sap tawngin Messers ( Mister plural form ) mizo tawng chuan, mipa pakhat aia tam, ‘ pute’ tihna a ni. Dawr hmingah emaw, sumdawnna/company hmingah emaw kan hmang dawn anih chuan, mipa pakhat aia tam hmingin chu company/dawr chu a awm ngei tur a ni. Entirna lo pe i la:
Hman dan dik : M/S Hauva & Sons/ M/S Pachhunga & Sons.etc
Hman dan dik lo: M/S Three Sisters’ Enterprise/ M/S Thanga Store .etc
Aizawl khawpui- Zemabawk atanga Kulikawn thleng hian chhiar ta i la, engzat takin khitianga a nih tur ang tak kan sawi ang khian hmang awm ang maw ? Lunglei-a ka awm lai khan chik takin ka finfiah chinah vai sumdawng dawr pahnih chiahin an hmang dik nia!
Committee: ‘Nizan kan committee kan rei lutuka’/’ Ka committee dawn’..etc te kan ti fo mai. Committee hi noun a ni. Pawl/kohhran etc. ten chu pawl kaihruaia, a kal dan phung tur lo rel tur bik body din/siam a ni thin a, chu mi hming chu ‘ committee’ a ni.
Saptawng kan hmang duh rau rau a nih chuan, ‘ committee’ aiah ‘ meeting’ hmang ta i la, a nih dan tur a ni zawk.
Vote for Congress/ MNF/ ZNP etc : Inthlan dawn hian khawlaiah poster intar hmuh tur a tam thin. CHutah chuan, mimal/ political party vote tura sawmna/ ngenna- saptawnga in ziak- Vote for Congress/ MNF/ZNF etc. kan hmu fo mai. Heta, ‘For’ tih hi telh ngai miah lo, mahse, telha, dik leh nalh zawka kan hriat tlat vang ni maw, kan telh tlat zel. “ Vote MNF/Congress/ ZNP etc. tih mai hi a tawng neitute tih dan phung chu a ni zawk.
Bio- data/ Chairman : India rama cheng kan nih miau avangin, Indian English Usage hi kan lak loh theih loh na chen a awm vang ni maw? Kushwan Singha’n, “ English hruala Indish tawng hmang kan ni” a tih ang deuhin-Bio-data kan tih fo hi a tawng neitu lam chuan, ‘Curriculum Vitae’ an ti thung.
Chutiang zelin, Chair person kan tih te pawh hi- British Prime Minister Margareth Thatcher pawh khan, ‘ Madam chairman’ a ti ve mai thin an ti.Tin, hmeichhia pawh BA/MA an pass-a kan ti danglam chuang lo ang hian chair person tih kher hi a tawng neitu lam hian an lo ti ngai lem lo niawm tak ani.
Kan hriat angin, Mizo hi saptawng hmang uar tak hnam kan ni a. Hetihlai mek hian, kan hman lar thenkhatte erawh hi chu a tawng neitu lam hman dan ni loa hman kan nei nual mai. CHung zinga thenkhatte:
Carrom Board/ Draught Board etc : “ Vawiin chu carrom board ka pen nileng zak mai’ te kan tia. Tin, YMA/ KTP pawhin keimahni pual sports kan neih dawn pawhin, chanchinbuah leh item tih tur kan puannaah pawh, Carrom Board/ draugtht board tiin kan sawi fo mai. Carrom khi a game hming a nia, chu game chu a board ( thlengah khelh a ni chauh zawk ) CHutiang bawkin, draught hi a game hming a ni a, chu game chu a thlengah khelh a ni. ‘ Carrom Board/ Draught Board ka pen/ khel’ kan tih chuan, ‘ Football stadium ka pet/ Tennis Court ka vua/ Cricket field ka khel’ etc tih nen danglamna a awm lo!
Sub../ Special : Kan hre theuh, ‘ sub’ chu a pum pui ni lo, a zahve/ peng te sawina lam a ni. Sawrkar Department thenah hian- District huapin, Divisional Office a awma, chu chu Divisional Officer-in a ho thin. CHumi hnuaiah chuan, District pum pui huap lo, Sub- Division a awm leh a, chu chu, Sub-Divisional Officer-in a ho thung.
Veng hrang hrangah YMA/KTP/TKP kan ding deuh vek. CHung Branch-te chuan, a hnuaiah Sub-Committee hrang hrang an din a. CHung Sub-committee hrang hrangte chuan,’Sub..’ tih hi an telh talh hlawm. ‘ Thlanmual sub-committee’ an awm dawn chuan, thlanmual committee a awm phawt anga, chumi hnuaiah, thlanmual sub-committee a awm chauh ang. Ama hming ang pu committee awm lo vin, sub-committee awm ngawt hi kan thelh lian khawp mai.
Kohhran Inkhawm/ Function-ah item tam tak nei tur an awmin, an vaiin, ‘special item’ kan ti deuh vek mai. Tin, pawl/mimal pakhat chauhin item a neih dawn pawhin, ‘special item’ kan la ti tho nia. ‘Special’ hi chu tam tak zinga, a bik ngawih ngawih thil sawina a ni! Hman fimkhur atan ka lo awt thin ngawt mai.
Apostrophe (‘s/s’ ): Apostrophe kan hman dan hi kan tih dik loh langsar ber zinga mi niin kia hria. Hetia-’S hmalama kan dah hian pakhat ( singular ) sawina a ni a. S’ hnunga khi tianga kan dah khian pakhat aia tam ( plural form ) a ni. Amaherawhchu, plural zawng zawngah erawh a hnungah an dah vek chuang lo. Noun/ pronoun-a a tawpa (s) awmsah chauah (s) hnungah apostrophe hi dah thin tur a ni. Entirnan: (1) Lecturers’ Common Room- tah khian (s) khi a tel sa avangin, apostrophe khi (s) hnungah an dah thin.
(2) Children’s Day- tah khian (s) khi dah chawp a nih avangin,plural pawh nise, apostrophe hi (s) hamlamah dah tur a ni.
Abreviation ziak danah: Thiling lamtawi kan ziak reng rengin, a tawng neitu lam kan entawn rau rau a nih chuan, anni lam chuan-hawrawp thumal a hmasa ber leh a hnuhnung ber hman a nih chuan “ Full stop” dah loh tur a ni. Entirnan: Doctor hi a lam tawi chu- Dr ( chu chu, D khi hawrawp hmasa ber a nia, R khi hawrawp hnuhnung ber a nih avangin, full stop dah loh tur a ni. Revd/ Er...etc ah te pawh hian full stop dah loh tur a ni.
M/S : Hei hi, ‘ kan hman dik loh langsar ber a ni hial em aw’, ka ti hial. Sumdawng leh Dawrkaite hian an letter head leh an dawr hming-dawr kawngka luchunga an tar hi han en ila, atam zawk hian
mi tih kan hriat avanga kan tih ve ngawt, a awmzia erawh kan hriat lem loh niin a lang.
M/S hi French tawng atanga lak- Messieurs- Sap tawngin Messers ( Mister plural form ) mizo tawng chuan, mipa pakhat aia tam, ‘ pute’ tihna a ni. Dawr hmingah emaw, sumdawnna/company hmingah emaw kan hmang dawn anih chuan, mipa pakhat aia tam hmingin chu company/dawr chu a awm ngei tur a ni. Entirna lo pe i la:
Hman dan dik : M/S Hauva & Sons/ M/S Pachhunga & Sons.etc
Hman dan dik lo: M/S Three Sisters’ Enterprise/ M/S Thanga Store .etc
Aizawl khawpui- Zemabawk atanga Kulikawn thleng hian chhiar ta i la, engzat takin khitianga a nih tur ang tak kan sawi ang khian hmang awm ang maw ? Lunglei-a ka awm lai khan chik takin ka finfiah chinah vai sumdawng dawr pahnih chiahin an hmang dik nia!
Committee: ‘Nizan kan committee kan rei lutuka’/’ Ka committee dawn’..etc te kan ti fo mai. Committee hi noun a ni. Pawl/kohhran etc. ten chu pawl kaihruaia, a kal dan phung tur lo rel tur bik body din/siam a ni thin a, chu mi hming chu ‘ committee’ a ni.
Saptawng kan hmang duh rau rau a nih chuan, ‘ committee’ aiah ‘ meeting’ hmang ta i la, a nih dan tur a ni zawk.
Vote for Congress/ MNF/ ZNP etc : Inthlan dawn hian khawlaiah poster intar hmuh tur a tam thin. CHutah chuan, mimal/ political party vote tura sawmna/ ngenna- saptawnga in ziak- Vote for Congress/ MNF/ZNF etc. kan hmu fo mai. Heta, ‘For’ tih hi telh ngai miah lo, mahse, telha, dik leh nalh zawka kan hriat tlat vang ni maw, kan telh tlat zel. “ Vote MNF/Congress/ ZNP etc. tih mai hi a tawng neitute tih dan phung chu a ni zawk.
Bio- data/ Chairman : India rama cheng kan nih miau avangin, Indian English Usage hi kan lak loh theih loh na chen a awm vang ni maw? Kushwan Singha’n, “ English hruala Indish tawng hmang kan ni” a tih ang deuhin-Bio-data kan tih fo hi a tawng neitu lam chuan, ‘Curriculum Vitae’ an ti thung.
Chutiang zelin, Chair person kan tih te pawh hi- British Prime Minister Margareth Thatcher pawh khan, ‘ Madam chairman’ a ti ve mai thin an ti.Tin, hmeichhia pawh BA/MA an pass-a kan ti danglam chuang lo ang hian chair person tih kher hi a tawng neitu lam hian an lo ti ngai lem lo niawm tak ani.
Souvenir/ Magazine : Thangtharte phei hian chuan, ‘ souvenir’ hi chanchinbu tihna emaw kan ti hial tawh niin a lang.Souvenir hi noun-a hman a nih chuan, hmun emaw, thil lo thleng emaw hriatrengna tura thil kan inpek emaw, kan lei emaw hi a ni. Verb-a hman a nih phei chuan, ‘ru’ ( pilfer or steal ) tihna daih a ni thung.
College / School leh Pawl pawhin, souvenir tichhuak lo vin, Magazine tichhuak ta zawk thin i la, chhiar a chakawm phah sawt chuang lo a nih pawhin, saptawng dik zawk kan hman phah anga, tlem chuan tawng hman dik thuah hma kan sawn hret tihna a lo ni dawn a ni.
Jubilee / anniversary :
‘ Jubilee’ hi Hebrai tawng atanga lak a ni a. A tir takah chuan inneih champha sawi nan bika he tawngkam hi lo chhuak nia sawi a ni thin. Tunlaiah erawh chuan, eng pawl emaw in kan din champha kum chu mi kha mi zat lawm kan duhin, Tin Jubilee, Paper Jubilee.etc tiin kan vuah ta zel mai. Jubilee han tih hian a kawh bik deuh chu- a kum 25-na ( Silver jubilee ) kum 50-na ( Golden jubilee ) kum 60-na ( Diamond jubilee )
Khingho bak khi chu, Jubilee ti lo vin, ‘ anniversary’ tih zawk hi thil dik ni zawkin a lang.Tin, Musical Concert kan tih fo te pawh hi, concert a nih chuan Musical performance sawina a ni tawh sa reng. Musical tih khi telh kher lo pawhin a fiah tawk. ‘.................chutichuan, a fapa mal neih chhun a pea’ tih ang deuh a ni. Fapa mal a nih chuan, neihchhun tih tel lo khian a fiah. Neihchhun a nih pawhin, a mal a ni tih a fiah chuangin, tam tak chuan, fapa mal neih chhun tih kher kan duh ang te hi ni maw?
Kan mithiamte’n an sawi thin ang hian mizote hi tawng dang chu sawi loh, keimahni tawng ngei pawh hi kan hmang duhtui lo sawt em em hi thil tha lo tak a ni. Pathian biak inkhawmah te hian hnamdangte chuan an tawng an ulauk tehreng nen keini chuan, kan tawng kan pawngsualna hmun pui ber emaw a tih theih hial. A theih chin chinah chuan i uluk hram hram teh ang u
College / School leh Pawl pawhin, souvenir tichhuak lo vin, Magazine tichhuak ta zawk thin i la, chhiar a chakawm phah sawt chuang lo a nih pawhin, saptawng dik zawk kan hman phah anga, tlem chuan tawng hman dik thuah hma kan sawn hret tihna a lo ni dawn a ni.
Jubilee / anniversary :
‘ Jubilee’ hi Hebrai tawng atanga lak a ni a. A tir takah chuan inneih champha sawi nan bika he tawngkam hi lo chhuak nia sawi a ni thin. Tunlaiah erawh chuan, eng pawl emaw in kan din champha kum chu mi kha mi zat lawm kan duhin, Tin Jubilee, Paper Jubilee.etc tiin kan vuah ta zel mai. Jubilee han tih hian a kawh bik deuh chu- a kum 25-na ( Silver jubilee ) kum 50-na ( Golden jubilee ) kum 60-na ( Diamond jubilee )
Khingho bak khi chu, Jubilee ti lo vin, ‘ anniversary’ tih zawk hi thil dik ni zawkin a lang.Tin, Musical Concert kan tih fo te pawh hi, concert a nih chuan Musical performance sawina a ni tawh sa reng. Musical tih khi telh kher lo pawhin a fiah tawk. ‘.................chutichuan, a fapa mal neih chhun a pea’ tih ang deuh a ni. Fapa mal a nih chuan, neihchhun tih tel lo khian a fiah. Neihchhun a nih pawhin, a mal a ni tih a fiah chuangin, tam tak chuan, fapa mal neih chhun tih kher kan duh ang te hi ni maw?
Kan mithiamte’n an sawi thin ang hian mizote hi tawng dang chu sawi loh, keimahni tawng ngei pawh hi kan hmang duhtui lo sawt em em hi thil tha lo tak a ni. Pathian biak inkhawmah te hian hnamdangte chuan an tawng an ulauk tehreng nen keini chuan, kan tawng kan pawngsualna hmun pui ber emaw a tih theih hial. A theih chin chinah chuan i uluk hram hram teh ang u
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